Aerial cables (dashed line between black boxes).Power transmission lines (may also be an obstacle in some areas) (solid lines between tower symbols).Railroads, bridges, viaducts, dams (black lines, railroads with cross-hatching).Major roadways, with or without showing route numbers (solid lines).The elevation of the top of the obstacle is shown feet and depicted in both height above mean sea level and height above ground in parentheses.īased upon standard mapping symbols, these markings usually designate man-made structures that may be identifiable from the air, including:.Towers with high-intensity lights are indicated by "lightning bolts" around the tip of the symbol.Groups of towers are shown with multiple symbols.Towers 1,000 feet and over: the "V" is elongated.Up to 1,000 feet above ground, a small, inverted "V" with a dot.Tall towers are especially dangerous and have specific markings according to their height above ground and whether or not lighted. Special use airspace is shown using specific colors and markings.Location, name, and direction of Federal Airways are shown.Elevations of floor or ceiling of some types of airspace are also indicated.Class B, C, D, E airspace is designated by colored lines of various types.Each VOR also includes a circular compass roseĪirport traffic and airspace information.Beacon locations, type, radio frequency, codes, and features are indicated.Length of longest runway in hundreds of feet.Elevation in feet (typically at center of longest runway).Control tower, ATIS, UNICOM frequencies, as available.Part-time tower operation (a star symbol).The block may contain just the name, altitude and runway length, or any of the following additional information, among others. An abandoned airport with paved runways is shown with a circle having an "X" over it.Įach indicated airport has an airport data block associated with it.An unverified airstrip is shown with a "U" in a circle.A heliport is designated with "H" in a circle.Private airports are shown with the letter "R" inside a circle.Military airstrips (without hard-surface runways) are shown with two concentric circles.Blue shows an airport with a control tower and magenta for others.
The location of each airport and presence of control towers is indicated with a circle, or with an outline of the hard-surfaced runways (if over 8,069 feet long).
Other unusual features may be designated on the map with symbols that do not appear in the legend, such as areas where laser lights are routinely pointed into the air (a jagged-edged circle), or a wildlife protection area (a solid line with dots along the inside edge). The legend divides these into several types of information, namely: airports, radio aids, traffic and airspace services, obstructions, topographic, and miscellaneous. However, most of the layers of data on the charts include specific information about obstacles, airspace designations, and facility information (locations, radio frequencies, etc.). Terrain is color-coded for its elevation and major roads, cities, and bodies of water are shown for visual reference, as well as other identifiable structures (e.g., stadiums and water towers). White space around the chart is filled with map information and the legend, scales, and tables of airport and airspace information. All other edges are truncated at a predetermined size. The edges between north and south are designed with a calibrated overlap that permits plotting extensions of course lines from one side to the other, once the user has scribed a corresponding "match line" on each side. The "northern" half of the section is on one side of the chart, and the "southern" on the reverse.
The size of each sectional is designed to be "arm's width" when completely unfolded. The scale is 1:500,000, with a contour interval of 500 feet.
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